1881 - John Denny Jr. becomes last hereditary Grand Chief of the Mi’kmaq

In 1881, John Denny Jr. (1842-1918) became the last hereditary Grand Chief of the Mi’kmaq Grand Council, after the passing of his father, John Denny Sr. The Grand Chief served as the ceremonial, political, cultural and spiritual leader of the Mi’kmaq, and the role was traditionally passed from father to son. Denny had been prepared since childhood for the role. He spoke Mi’kmaq, Passamaquoddy, English, French and Gaelic, and was recognized for his leadership and defense of Mi’kmaq rights.

“The Last Hereditary Chief.” Accessed September 24, 2026. https://www.saltwire.com/category/cape-breton/