1749 - Governor Edward Cornwallis establishes Halifax

Governor Edward Cornwallis issued what is now considered a “genocidal” scalping proclamation, offering bounties for Mi’kmaq scalps. This action led to the onslaught of Father Le Loutre’s War, also known as the Anglo-Mi’kmaq war (1749-1755), which encouraged the establishment of several fortified English settlements built to withstand attacks by the Mi’kmaq and Acadians.  

Paul, Daniel N. We Were Not the Savages: A Micmac Perspective on the Collision of European and Aboriginal Civilizations. Nimbus, 1993.  

Photo Credit: “Edward Cornwallis,”  https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/edward-cornwallis